d. Mutation will bring variation and then the environment “selects” hence individuals (predicated on its phenotypes) could be most likely to pass through on their variant genes/alleles. Note this will be a two action processes — earliest variation takes place; following alternatives acts towards alternatives in a separate step. The initial step are random (when it comes to mode); the next action isn’t. The process concerns both ‘chance’ (arbitrary mutation) ‘necessity’ (nonrandom option for function). (more…)